Pigmentation is an umbrella term for many hyperpigmented skin conditions that affect "look", such as freckles, melasma, chloasma, naevus of Ota, and cyan naevus on the cheeks. There are many reasons for stains, but the main reasons for different types of stains are different. To prevent stains, you must first understand the type of stain.

What are the types of stains?

Spot Type: Freckles

Freckles are brown spots in facial pigmentation and are a genetic predisposition that can cause or worsen the disease with sun exposure.

Spot Type: Melasma

The tan spots on the face are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the cheeks and are butterfly-shaped, commonly known as "butterfly spots". Genetic susceptibility, hormonal levels, sun exposure, sleep, and poor quality cosmetics can all contribute to their development.

Spot Type: Age Spots

Also known as senile warts and seborrheic keratosis, it is one of the most common benign skin tumors in clinical practice. Occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, mostly on the face, head, back and back of the hands. Spots can be flat or raised from the surface and come in a variety of sizes.

Type of stain: Mole of Ota

It usually occurs at or shortly after birth and presents clinically as unilateral dark blue fusion plaques distributed over the zygomatic, temporal, and conjunctiva.

Type of pigmentation: Brown-green nevus on the cheeks

It occurs mostly in young women aged 20 to 30 years. The clinical manifestations are round, scattered, unfused gray-blue spots, symmetrically distributed in the bilateral zygomatic and temporal regions.

The lack of self-discipline is the main cause of dull skin and pigmentation on the face, and we can implement these methods in our daily life to prevent and reduce pigmentation and play an important role.

What are the ways to prevent/reduce pigmentation?

Prevention/relief method 1. Strengthen sunscreen when going out

Ultraviolet rays can damage the skin to a certain extent, causing pigmentation, erythema, blisters and other skin problems. Therefore, sun protection cannot be ignored. Remember to bring sunscreen, ice sleeves and sun protection clothing when you go out.

Prevention/relief method 2. Do not use "three no" skin care products

"Three no" products usually refer to products without production date, quality certificate or manufacturer. Skin care products are closely related to our skin and quality and safety must be our top priority. Everyone chooses regular and reliable skin care products according to their own skin type to avoid damage to the skin caused by inferior skin care products, causing pigmentation on the skin surface and causing pigmentation, which needs to be done.

Prevention/mitigation method 3. Maintain a good lifestyle

Lifestyle affects the condition of our skin. Be careful if you stay up late. Pores become larger and the skin becomes dull and pigmented. If you want to lighten the marks left on your face for many years, you need to do the following: rest at work on time, do not stay up late; eat more fresh vegetables and fruits supplemented with vitamin C, reduce dark circles - taste food and pigment; maintain a certain amount of exercise, Promote sweating metabolism.

Prevention/mitigation method 4. Repair the skin barrier

The skin barrier is very important. Many skin disorders impair skin barrier function. A compromised skin barrier can lead to skin irritation and predisposition to exacerbate post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. Restoring the skin barrier with functional scientific skin care products is also of great benefit to the prevention and treatment of pigmentation.

Prevention/relief method 5. Whitening skin care products

Many people are dazzled when they choose whitening products, but in fact we can look at the ingredients, using licorice extract, L-vitamin C, 4-N-butyl resorcinol, resveratrol, glutathione and other ingredients It has a certain whitening effect and also has a certain preventive effect on pigmentation.

Prevention/Relief Methods 6. Topical Drugs

Hydroquinone and its derivatives azelaic acid and retinoic acid have certain therapeutic effects on the treatment of freckles, chloasma and senile plaques.

Prevention/mitigation method 7. Laser treatment

There are many types of lasers, and laser treatment is effective for many pigmented spots. Doctors make different laser choices for different types of pigmentation. Among them, freckles, age spots, nevus of Ota, and brown-cyan nevus on the cheeks are particularly effective. The treatment of melasma is more complicated and must be evaluated before a good treatment plan can be determined.