Today, people's living conditions are better, but it doesn't help women get pregnant much. On the contrary, many women experience various pregnancies due to excessive diet and nutrition. It is estimated that gestational hypertension and gestational diabetes are the greatest fears of all pregnant women. What to do with heart disease during pregnancy? Let's take a look at what are the manifestations of heart disease during pregnancy? What about heart disease during pregnancy?

The manifestations of heart disease during pregnancy:

Heart disease during pregnancy can be divided into pre-pregnancy heart disease and post-pregnancy-induced heart disease. So, what are the manifestations of heart disease during pregnancy? There are four main manifestations of pregnant women.

Heart disease in pregnancy can be divided into two categories. The first category is heart disease that existed before pregnancy. Rheumatic and congenital heart disease are the most common, hypertensive heart disease, mitral valve prolapse and hypertrophic heart disease are less common. The second category is pregnancy-related heart disease, such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, heart disease, and perinatal heart disease.

Symptom 1: Heart failure heart disease

If the patient's original cardiac function has been damaged or barely compensated, further decompensation of cardiac function may be caused by pregnancy. The manifestations of cardiac insufficiency in pregnant women with rheumatic heart disease are:

(1) Lung congestion.

More common in mitral valve disease, patients with shortness of breath, even after exertion, there are fine moist rales at the bottom of both lungs. X-ray examination showed interstitial edema.

(2) Acute pulmonary edema.

More common in severe mitral stenosis. It is caused by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure due to hypervolemia. Sudden shortness of breath, inability to lie down, cough, frothy sputum or blood, scattered wheezing or crackles in both lungs. .

(3) Right heart failure.

It is commonly seen in older adults, people with significantly enlarged hearts, and people with atrial fibrillation, who often have reduced labor or have a history of heart failure. In pregnant women with congenital heart disease, patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, etc. accompanied by pulmonary hypertension often lead to right heart failure, pulmonary valve stenosis and tetralogy of Fallot. Due to right ventricular pressure overload, it is also mostly manifested as right heart failure. Aortic valve stenosis can lead to left ventricular failure due to left ventricular pressure overload.

Symptom 2: Infective endocarditis

Both rheumatic heart disease and congenital heart disease can be complicated by infective endocarditis due to bacteremia. If not controlled in time, it can lead to heart failure and death.

Symptom 3: Hypoxia and cyanosis

Patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease usually have hypoxia and cyanosis, low peripheral resistance during pregnancy, and increased cyanosis. In non-cyanotic pregnant women with congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt, if blood pressure drops due to blood loss or other reasons, temporary reverse shunt, that is, right-to-left shunt, can cause cyanosis and hypoxia.

Symptom 4: Embolism

During pregnancy, the blood is in a hypercoagulable state, which, combined with the elevated venous pressure and venous blood stasis associated with heart disease, can easily complicate embolism. A thrombus may originate in the pelvis, causing a pulmonary embolism, increasing pressure in the pulmonary circulation, which can cause pulmonary edema, or reversing a left-to-right shunt to a right-to-left shunt. In the case of congenital heart disease in which the left and right heart chambers are connected, the thrombus may pass through the defect and cause peripheral arterial embolism.

What to do with heart disease during pregnancy:

Method 1: Pregnant women should strengthen monitoring during pregnancy to reduce the burden on the heart and ensure the health of the fetus and mother. Pregnant women should limit physical activity, rest more, and maintain a good mental state. Usually should eat high-protein, multi-vitamin, low-fat foods.

Method 2: To have prenatal checkups on time. In addition, it is best to be hospitalized for labor in the first half of the due date, so that you can have enough rest and facilitate the doctor's observation.

Method 3: Choose a delivery method suitable for heart disease during pregnancy. Every mother wants to choose the best way to give birth to a child, but whether an expectant mother with heart disease during pregnancy is a natural birth or a caesarean section depends on the heart function and the condition of the obstetrics. Pregnant women with good heart function, unless there are obstetric complications, can in principle give birth naturally, but must be closely monitored by a special person during the delivery. If the liver function is grade 3 or 4, choosing cesarean section can end the delivery in a short time, but attention should be paid to preoperative, postoperative, and intraoperative cardiac monitoring, as well as a series of matters such as postoperative anti-infection.