How to first aid for sudden myocardial infarction?
2022-06-29
Acute myocardial infarction, commonly known as myocardial infarction, is a very serious cardiac emergency and one of the main causes of sudden cardiac death in middle-aged and elderly people. Many families miss the best time for rescue because they do not know first aid knowledge, resulting in irreversible consequences. In our life, we may also encounter the situation of sudden myocardial infarction in middle-aged and elderly people. At this time, most people will panic and don’t know how to give first aid. The treatment of the patient is delayed at the critical moment, resulting in lifelong regret. In order to avoid these situations from happening, today I will teach you the first aid methods for myocardial infarction.
The first thing to do is to determine whether it is a myocardial infarction
It is well known that myocardial infarction will cause chest pain, but this understanding is too superficial. In fact, myocardial infarction often has the following characteristics:
1, there are often incentives for myocardial infarction
Most of them occur after sudden exertion, strenuous activity, fright, emotional agitation, sudden cold, and a full meal.
2, the typical symptoms of myocardial infarction are chest stuffy , pain
The most typical symptom of myocardial infarction is a feeling of "tightness" in the chest. Some middle-aged and elderly people may have symptoms of chest tightness and difficulty breathing.
Symptoms such as restlessness, dizziness, profuse sweating, and extreme fear may also occur.
3 When a myocardial infarction occurs, other parts of the body will also hurt
Some middle-aged and elderly people have pain in the range of the size of a slap in the chest, but some middle-aged and elderly people may have more or less pain in the entire chest, even the shoulders, neck, left arm, teeth and other parts. .
4, time of myocardial infarction
A typical myocardial infarction usually lasts for more than 5-15 minutes. If the chest pain lasts for 20 minutes, it is highly suspected of myocardial infarction. Therefore, we should be highly vigilant for chest pain in middle-aged and elderly people for more than 5 minutes.
5, People who are prone to myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction is more common among middle-aged and elderly people who smoke, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity.
"Golden 1 Hour" of myocardial infarction first aid
"Time is life", it is too apt to describe the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction is caused by the blockage of the blood vessels supplying the heart, and there is no blood to nourish the myocardium, resulting in myocardial ischemia and necrosis. About 30 minutes after the blood vessel is blocked, the myocardium begins to necrotic, and it can be completely necrotic in about 6-8 hours. During this time, the sooner the blood vessels can be dredged, the more viable myocardium will be.
If the myocardial infarction can be effectively unblocked within 1 hour, there will be no sequelae after recovery. However, if it exceeds 1.5 hours, the myocardium will be partially necrotic due to insufficient blood supply. The later the emergency time is, the larger the area of myocardial necrosis will be. However, nearly half of middle-aged and elderly people miss the opportunity of first aid because of the lack of first aid knowledge for themselves and their families. Persistent chest pain may indicate the symptoms of sudden acute myocardial infarction, dissecting aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, etc. The family members of middle-aged and elderly people and nearby people should call the emergency number as soon as possible, race against time, and strive to keep the patient in the hospital. Received treatment within 1 hour.
What should the family members of middle-aged and elderly people do with sudden myocardial infarction
1, call the emergency number for help
Angina pectoris is a typical symptom of myocardial infarction. Once the patient has chest pain, they should immediately call the emergency number and wait for the ambulance to arrive.
2, rest in place
While waiting for the ambulance, the patient with myocardial infarction can rest on the spot, preferably lying flat and quiet, without causing the patient to be stimulated. If oxygen is available at home, it is best to have the patient on oxygen. If there is no oxygen, open the windows and spread people around the patient so that the patient can breathe fresh oxygen.
3, artificial respiration
Ventricular fibrillation is very dangerous in patients with myocardial infarction, which may lead to sudden death, and emergency treatment should be carried out quickly. In the case of keeping the airway of the patients with myocardial infarction unobstructed, chest compressions and artificial respiration should be given to the patients to prevent the patients from brain death due to cerebral hypoxia. When doing artificial respiration, let the patient lie on his back, face up, put a soft pillow on the back of the neck, and let the patient's head lean back as far as possible. Rescuers hold the patient's nose and blow into the patient's mouth, about 12 times per minute. When performing artificial respiration, the patient's arteries should also be touched, and if there is no pulse, cardiac massage should be performed at the same time.
4, Sublingual nitroglycerin
If the patient has a history of coronary heart disease, the patient can be given sublingual nitroglycerin, Danshen dripping pills, Suxiao Jiuxin pills and other drugs for first aid. It should be noted that only one tablet of nitroglycerin can be taken at a time. If the symptoms are not relieved, one tablet should be taken after five minutes, and the maximum number of consecutive doses should not exceed three tablets.
If you can master some common knowledge of first aid for myocardial infarction, when you have a heart attack around you, you can actively take some first aid measures to win the death of the myocardial infarction patient. Therefore, it is very necessary to popularize the first aid knowledge of acute myocardial infarction to the public.
The first thing to do is to determine whether it is a myocardial infarction
It is well known that myocardial infarction will cause chest pain, but this understanding is too superficial. In fact, myocardial infarction often has the following characteristics:
1, there are often incentives for myocardial infarction
Most of them occur after sudden exertion, strenuous activity, fright, emotional agitation, sudden cold, and a full meal.
2, the typical symptoms of myocardial infarction are chest stuffy , pain
The most typical symptom of myocardial infarction is a feeling of "tightness" in the chest. Some middle-aged and elderly people may have symptoms of chest tightness and difficulty breathing.
Symptoms such as restlessness, dizziness, profuse sweating, and extreme fear may also occur.
3 When a myocardial infarction occurs, other parts of the body will also hurt
Some middle-aged and elderly people have pain in the range of the size of a slap in the chest, but some middle-aged and elderly people may have more or less pain in the entire chest, even the shoulders, neck, left arm, teeth and other parts. .
4, time of myocardial infarction
A typical myocardial infarction usually lasts for more than 5-15 minutes. If the chest pain lasts for 20 minutes, it is highly suspected of myocardial infarction. Therefore, we should be highly vigilant for chest pain in middle-aged and elderly people for more than 5 minutes.
5, People who are prone to myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction is more common among middle-aged and elderly people who smoke, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and obesity.
"Golden 1 Hour" of myocardial infarction first aid
"Time is life", it is too apt to describe the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction is caused by the blockage of the blood vessels supplying the heart, and there is no blood to nourish the myocardium, resulting in myocardial ischemia and necrosis. About 30 minutes after the blood vessel is blocked, the myocardium begins to necrotic, and it can be completely necrotic in about 6-8 hours. During this time, the sooner the blood vessels can be dredged, the more viable myocardium will be.
If the myocardial infarction can be effectively unblocked within 1 hour, there will be no sequelae after recovery. However, if it exceeds 1.5 hours, the myocardium will be partially necrotic due to insufficient blood supply. The later the emergency time is, the larger the area of myocardial necrosis will be. However, nearly half of middle-aged and elderly people miss the opportunity of first aid because of the lack of first aid knowledge for themselves and their families. Persistent chest pain may indicate the symptoms of sudden acute myocardial infarction, dissecting aneurysm, pulmonary embolism, etc. The family members of middle-aged and elderly people and nearby people should call the emergency number as soon as possible, race against time, and strive to keep the patient in the hospital. Received treatment within 1 hour.
What should the family members of middle-aged and elderly people do with sudden myocardial infarction
1, call the emergency number for help
Angina pectoris is a typical symptom of myocardial infarction. Once the patient has chest pain, they should immediately call the emergency number and wait for the ambulance to arrive.
2, rest in place
While waiting for the ambulance, the patient with myocardial infarction can rest on the spot, preferably lying flat and quiet, without causing the patient to be stimulated. If oxygen is available at home, it is best to have the patient on oxygen. If there is no oxygen, open the windows and spread people around the patient so that the patient can breathe fresh oxygen.
3, artificial respiration
Ventricular fibrillation is very dangerous in patients with myocardial infarction, which may lead to sudden death, and emergency treatment should be carried out quickly. In the case of keeping the airway of the patients with myocardial infarction unobstructed, chest compressions and artificial respiration should be given to the patients to prevent the patients from brain death due to cerebral hypoxia. When doing artificial respiration, let the patient lie on his back, face up, put a soft pillow on the back of the neck, and let the patient's head lean back as far as possible. Rescuers hold the patient's nose and blow into the patient's mouth, about 12 times per minute. When performing artificial respiration, the patient's arteries should also be touched, and if there is no pulse, cardiac massage should be performed at the same time.
4, Sublingual nitroglycerin
If the patient has a history of coronary heart disease, the patient can be given sublingual nitroglycerin, Danshen dripping pills, Suxiao Jiuxin pills and other drugs for first aid. It should be noted that only one tablet of nitroglycerin can be taken at a time. If the symptoms are not relieved, one tablet should be taken after five minutes, and the maximum number of consecutive doses should not exceed three tablets.
If you can master some common knowledge of first aid for myocardial infarction, when you have a heart attack around you, you can actively take some first aid measures to win the death of the myocardial infarction patient. Therefore, it is very necessary to popularize the first aid knowledge of acute myocardial infarction to the public.
