10 First Aid Methods in Different Situations
First aid knowledge has always been an integral part of our lives. When encountering disasters and emergencies, common sense of first aid can avoid many unnecessary casualties. Listed below are some common emergency first aid methods.
1. First aid methods for ankle sprains
For mild ankle sprains, cold compresses should be applied to the affected area for first aid. After 24 hours, hot compresses should be used. The ankles should be wrapped with bandages and the feet should be raised to relieve symptoms.
Second, first aid methods for electric shock
1. Quickly cut off the power supply for first aid.
2. If you can't find the gate at the moment, you can use insulation to open the wire or cut off the wire for first aid.
3. Immediately lift the person with electric shock to a ventilated place, unfasten the buttons and belts of the trousers, if breathing stops, do mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration or send him to a nearby hospital for emergency treatment.
4. Use saline or Vaseline gauze to bandage local burns for first aid.
3. First aid methods for arterial hemorrhage
1. Bleeding from small arteries and the wound is not large. Applying sterile cotton on the wound and applying pressure dressing can generally relieve the patient's dizziness.
2. When the bleeding does not stop, you can take the method of raising the injured limb to slow down the blood flow and help the patient to stop dizziness
3. When the bleeding of the limbs is serious, the method of tying the tourniquet at the upper end of the wound can be adopted. Before tying, a towel or cloth should be put on it, and then it must be relaxed once every half an hour. ischemic necrosis. After initial treatment, the patient should be immediately sent to the hospital for emergency treatment.
Fourth, the first aid method for children's convulsion
If a child is found to have convulsions, it is not advisable to panic and shake the patient so as to aggravate the condition. Do not drink water to avoid inhalation of the trachea. The window should be opened for first aid, and the patient's shirt should be unbuttoned to allow breathing. Wrap the chopsticks with a cloth and insert them between the upper and lower teeth of the patient to avoid biting the tongue. For convulsions caused by high fever, apply a towel dipped in cold water to the forehead. Record the time and symptoms of convulsion in detail, and immediately send to the hospital for emergency treatment.
Five, first aid methods for dog bites
After being bitten by a dog, the patient should be tightened with a cloth 5 cm above and below the wound for first aid, and the dirty blood should be sucked out with a breast pump for first aid, and then the wound should be washed with soapy water. Dogs that bite people should be quarantined, and if they are diagnosed with rabies virus, they should be put to death immediately.
Six, first aid methods for fractures
1. Hemostasis: use acupressure, bandaging, tourniquet and other methods to stop dizziness and first aid
2. Bandaging: Use sterile gauze for first aid for open fractures, and the exposed bone ends cannot be returned.
3. Fixation: Use old clothes and other soft objects to padded and clamp the splint. If there is no splint, you can also use a wooden stick instead to fix the upper and lower joints of the injured limb for first aid.
4. Treatment: If conditions permit, the patient can be sent to the hospital for emergency treatment after debridement and pain relief.
Seven, first aid methods for acute lumbar sprain
After the waist is suddenly sprained, if the injury is minor, the patient can lie on the back on a thick wooden bed with a pillow under the waist. Apply cold compresses to the wound first, then switch to hot compresses after 1 to 2 days. If the symptoms do not relieve or the patient is seriously injured, send it to the hospital for emergency treatment.
Eight, first aid methods for spinal bone injury
If a patient with spinal bone injury is clear-headed, he can move his limbs, and the simple movement of the lower limbs indicates that the thoracic or lumbar spine has been severely damaged; if the upper limbs are also impaired, the cervical spine is also damaged. First make the patient lie on the ground, with both upper limbs straight and close together. Place the door panel beside the patient, 4 movers squat on one side of the patient, one supports the back and waist, the other supports the scapula, the other supports the hips and lower limbs, and the other supports the head, and keep the same with the trunk at all times. On the axis, 4 people exerted force at the same time, slowly rolled the patient onto the door panel, made him lie on his back, put a small pillow on the waist and the back of the neck, put soft pillows on both sides of the head, fixed the head with cloth strips, and then sent the emergency to the nearest Hospital.
Nine, first aid methods for accidental swallowing of metal foreign bodies
Take a handful of leeks, without cutting them, put them into boiling water and cook them, mix with some sesame oil and eat, it can wrap the foreign objects such as metal accidentally swallowed, and then discharge them smoothly.
X. First aid methods for hemoptysis
1. Let the patient rest in bed, take a semi-recumbent position, keep quiet, and do not speak loudly or cough forcefully.
2, the chest with a cold towel, while preventing cold.
3. Take antitussive and expectorant drugs, but avoid using aminophylline.
4, choose to take some hemostatic drugs.
5. Send the patient to the hospital for treatment as soon as possible.